I don't run 300 blackout, however I do run 5 types of ammo in my AR. (5.56 / 223 mixed target, M855, 193, "pest" rounds, hot TSX)
I have them all in different racks on the shelf, so I know what is what when I grab a mag without looking and then I have tape on the bottom of the mags labeling what they are. Aside from the XM193 which is always unmarked.
Honestly, having them loaded up in different stacks really helps more than the tape when I'm grabbing something to head out. Another good option is to have windowed for one type, no window for the other if you run pMags.
I have lightweight metal baskets that separate all the mags.
So yes, that's very helpful when loading up.
I peel the label off the box and slide it in the mag to ID the ammo loaded.
And that's how I've been keeping them segregated.
However, once at the range and all my crap is laid out, I want to be able to ID a mag quickly and easily to prevent an issue.
Painting sounds like a reasonable option.