Here in Texas Reserve Officers are sworn law enforcement officers and must become certified by the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement Officer Standards and Education. Reserve Officers, while on duty, possess the same authority as a peace officer. In my departments reserves are classified as full time non-paid employees and must adhered to all policy and procedures of the department on and off duty including carrying of off duty weapons in proximity at all times. But like some departments can not work extra jobs as a due to not being a paid full time employee. Although Reserves may work in different divisions of the departments, they are generally assigned to the Patrol Division, and assist regular patrol officers in the performance of their duties.
CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
CHAPTER 2. GENERAL DUTIES OF OFFICERS
Art. 2.12. WHO ARE PEACE OFFICERS. The following are peace officers:
(1) sheriffs, their deputies, and those reserve deputies who hold a permanent peace officer license issued under Chapter 1701, Occupations Code;
(2) constables, deputy constables, and those reserve deputy constables who hold a permanent peace officer license issued under Chapter 1701, Occupations Code;
Harris County SO and most Constable precincts have reserves but you have to already have your tcloese.
You need at least an Associate's in something, doesn't have to be CJ.It now appears you have to have an Associates in Criminal Justice to go the non-academy route.